The most commonly used surgical method to treat various spinal diseases, such as herniated discs (discs), spinal stenosis, scoliosis, spinal fractures, spinal tumors, and infections, is the spinal fusion (vertebral implant).It is characterized by an increasing incidence in all age groups, from young to elderly.Spinal fusion is the surgery that completely removes the intervertebral disc between vertebrae, inserts a cage that can replace the intervertebral disc, and fixes it with screws. It fixes two to three vertebrae into one bone.However, since non-union incidence rates of up to 56% have been reported, the postoperative satisfaction is not high.

Osteoblast transplantation promotes the spinal union in that new bone formation and blood vessel induction must occur in order for bone union between the spine and implant to occur.